Piston packing-ring.



No. 865,402. PATENTED SEPT. 10, 1907. J. KRITZLER. PISTON PACKING RING.

APPLIOATION FILED NOV.21,1905.

m F w a JULIUS KRITZLER, OF KIEL, GERMANY.

PISTON PACKING-RING.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Sept. 10, 1907.

Application filed November 21, 1905. Serial No. 288,355.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JULIUs KRITZLER, a subject of the King of Prussia,residing in Kiel, in the Empire of Germany, marine chief engineer, haveinvented certain new and useful Improvements in Piston Packings orRings, for which application has been made, in Germany 19th October,1905; Great Britain 24th October, 1905; Italy 23d October, 1905; France23d October, 1905; Austria 23d October, 1905, and Russia 26th October,1905.

This invention has for its object a piston ring attachment which is moreparticularly intended for those machines in which, as in two strokecombustion engines, the working piston serves also as the distributingmechanism, by its alternately covering and exposing slots or other moreor less wide apertures formed in the cylinder. In these pistons itcomparatively easily happens that the piston rings when passing over theapertures in the cylinder walls, project, in default of sufficientsupport, too far .into these apertures and consequently break off, whichmay. cause serious interruptions of working. By the present inventionthis is avoided by the piston packing rings being formed so as tobe-selftightening, as is customary where so-called closed pistons areemployed and being introduced in an expanded form into the annulargrooves of the piston'by being pushed over the piston body, these ringsare provided on one face with an annular projection which engages in Ian annular recess turned in the corresponding face of the groove in sucha way that this projection prevents the movement of the piston ringoutwardly beyond the amount necessary for the secure pressure of theouter packing surface to the cylinder Wall. In order to allow of this,the annular groove is turned wider to the extent of the height of theprojection and in order, after the ring has been placed in its correctposition, to fill up the interval between the smooth face of the ringand the facing wall of the annular groove, a second ring is inserted inthe groove in addition to the actual packing ring, which second ringsprings inwardly and bears close against the \inner or ground surface ofthe annular groove.

Such a packing is shown in the accompanying drawings: Figure 1 being aplan view and elevation partially in section. Fig. 2 shows the actionwhen inserting the rings in their grooves. Fig. 3 is another form ofconstruction of the packing according to this invention.

The piston rings a are as explained, formed as self-. tighteners andhave therefore no separate tightening springs, but are loosely insertedin the closed, turned,

ameter of which is calculated in such a way that when the piston is inthe cylinder, that'is to say under pressure, a small interval betweenthis contact face and the opposite face of the lateral recess of theannular groove, remains, in order to give the ring a certain mobilityand to insure the tightness of the packing. The projection also preventsany movement of the ring outwardly beyond the desired amount, so thatthe ring cannot drop or project into the apertures of the distributingpassages when it is moved over these by the movement of the piston. I

The annular grooves are-turned at least as wide as the width of the ringa with the projection 0, so that the ring amay be inserted as usual inthe groove as shown in Fig. 2. By axial displacement of the ring theprojection c is then brought into the corresponding recess. Between thesmooth side of the ring and the limiting surface of the annulargroovefacing it, an auxiliary ring 6 is placed, which is also'formed asa self-tightener, but springs inwardly, so that it-bears closely againstthe cylindrical bottom face of the groove. This auxiliary ring e as itdoes not rub on the cylinder wall, may be made of steel, while thepacking ring a is preferably made of cast iron.

As shown in Fig. 3, two piston rings a may also be inserted in asuitably widely formed annular groove of the piston, which is providedat the bottom of both faces with recesses d, these two piston ringshaving-on opposite sides annular projections c, and after having beensprung in are held apart by means of an auxiliary ring 9 insertedbetween them.

The piston packing hereinbefore described may also be employed for thepistons and piston slides of steam engines, pumps, compressors and'thelike, equally as well as for combustion engines.

I declare that what I claim is 1. In combination with a piston having anintegral cylindrical face, said face having an annular channelshapedgroove therein, a spring-ring adapted to, enter said groove,inter-engaging projecting parts between one face of said groove and theadjacent face of said spring-ring, said parts being adapted to engagewhen said spring-ring is moved axially toward said face of the groovewhereby the expansion of said spring-ringuis limited, and means forlocking said springs-ing when in said position against axial movement.

2. In combination with a piston having an integral cylindrical face,said face having an annular channelshaped groove therein, a spring-ringadapted to enter said groove, interengaging projecting parts between oneface of said groove and the adjacent face of said spring-ring, saidparts being adapted to engage when said springring is moved axiallytoward said face of the groove whereby the expansion of said spring-ringis limited, and a second ring adapted to fit in the annular groove atthe opposite side of said spring-ring'from said projection and therebyprevent said spling-l'inflom axial movement.

3. In combination with a piston having an integral cylindrical face,said face having a channel-shaped groove therein and said groove beingprovided on oneof its lateral faces with a secondary groove, :1spring-ring having on one of its lateral faces an annular projectionadapted to tit loosely in said secondary groove, said spring-ring being.adapted to enter said main groove and to engage with said secondarygroove as aforesaid when moved axially, and means for maintainingsaidspring-ring when so placed against axial movement.

4. In combination with a piston having an integral cylindrical face,said face having a channel-shaped groove therein and said groove beingprovided on one of its lateral faces with a secondary groove, :1spring-ring having on one of its lateral faces an annular projectionadapted to fit loosely in said secondary groove, said spring-ring being:adapted to enter said main groove and to engage with sail secondarygroove as aforesaid when moved axially,

and an auxiliary ring adapted to enter said main groove at the side ofsaid tirst named rin; opposite the projection thereon, thereby fillingthe vacant portion of said main groove and preventing axial movement ofsaid main ring.

5. In combination with a piston having an integral cylindrical face,said face having a channel-shaped groove therein and said groove beingprovided on one of its lateral faces with a secondary groove, :1spring-ring having on one of its lateral faces an annular projectionadapted to enter said main groove and to engage with said secondarygroove as aforesaid when moved axially, and an auxiliary inwardlyspringing ring adapted to fit in the vacant space in said main groove atthe side of said spring-ring and prevent it. from axial movement, saidsecond ring resiliently hugging the bottom of said groove.

In witness whereof, I have hereunto signed my name this 7th day ofNovember, 1905, in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

JI'LIUS KRITZLER.

Witnesses LnoNom-i Knsun, ANNA Dina-2n.

